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鋰電池保護(hù)板IC的功能

2022-07-12

鋰電池

近年來(lái),大多數(shù)的電子產(chǎn)品都使用鋰電池作為主要電源,鋰電池具有體積小、能量密度高、無(wú)記憶效應(yīng)、循環(huán)壽命高、自放電率低、電壓高等特點(diǎn),但其與鎳鎘、鎳氫電池不同,在充電和放電時(shí)需要考慮安全性,因此,針對(duì)鋰電池的過充、放電、過流和短路電流保護(hù)顯得更為重要,因此,通常在電池組中設(shè)計(jì)保護(hù)電路對(duì)鋰電池進(jìn)行保護(hù),這說(shuō)明了鋰電池保護(hù)ic的重要性。

鋰離子電池能量密度高,很難保證電池的安全。在過充電狀態(tài)下,電池溫度升高后能量會(huì)過剩,電解液分解成氣體,內(nèi)壓升高而導(dǎo)致著火或破裂。反之,在過度放電狀態(tài)下,電解液的分解會(huì)導(dǎo)致電池特性和耐久性的惡化。鋰離子電池的保護(hù)電路就是為了保證這種過充放電狀態(tài)的安全性,防止特性惡化。

當(dāng)鋰電池過充電,為了避免溫度升高造成內(nèi)壓力升高,需停止充電狀態(tài)。保護(hù)IC將檢測(cè)電池電壓,當(dāng)檢測(cè)到過充電時(shí),過充電檢測(cè)功率MOSFET將其關(guān)閉,切斷充電。在對(duì)電池充電時(shí),將電池充電到滿狀態(tài)是用戶非常關(guān)心的問題,同時(shí)也要考慮到安全問題,所以有必要在達(dá)到允許電壓時(shí)切斷充電狀態(tài)。


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